Stories tagged with "petroleum"

Tar Sands vs. Asphalt: Round 1

This is a guest post by Hans Noeldner.

OK, Oil Drummers, it's quiz question time.

Would it make sense to extract crude oil from asphalt? The process for extracting it from tar sands is, after all, very energy- and capital-intensive, not to mention the horrific environmental impact. Meanwhile Earth would be much improved if we-the-people replaced many of our biologically dead highways and parking lots with useful things like forests, wetlands, farms, gardens, and user-friendly habitation for homo pedestrianus. This would give us a lot of torn-up asphalt from which we could harvest energy…

Anyway, here are the quiz questions:

(1) On average, how many barrels of petroleum are there in a ton of asphalt? (Apparently there is about one barrel of oil in two tons of tar sands.)

(2) How many barrels of petroleum are used to asphalt binder per year in the USA? What about other binders like black liquor from papermaking?

(3) Considering highways and parking lots only, what is the total amount of asphalt binder in the USA?

(4) Is a significant percentage of this binder lost (via leaching and evaporation) as asphalt breaks down?

(5) Can the binders used in asphalt be cracked (or whatever) to make the usual range of refined petroleum products – particularly gasoline and diesel?

The Connection Between Food Supply and Energy: What Is the Role of Oil Price?

This is a guest post by Glenn Morton, a geophysicist in the oil industry. For Kerr-McGee Oil and Gas Corp., Glenn served as Geophysical Mgr Gulf of Mexico, Geophysical Mgr for the North Sea, Dir. of Technology and as Exploration Director of China. Currently he is an independent consulting geophysicist, and you might know him as seismobob.

I became fascinated with the connection between our food supply and energy when I first learned of the problems that North Korea was having feeding itself. (see here).  This data showed me something amazing about modern society, we don't live in the information age, we don't live in the industrial age, we live in the agricultural  age. Without food, we have no industry or information. Unfortunately many don't understand this.  Nor do they understand that today the modern farming system is merely a means to turn petroleum into food, via mechanized planting and harvesting, and the use of petroleum based insecticides and fertilizers which consume huge amounts of energy in their manufacture.  According to Wikipedia, who gets it from Science, 1% of the world's energy goes into the manufacture of chemical fertilizer (here).

There has recently been a claim that in the post-peak oil world, life will go on pretty much as normal.  For a while, as the world squeezes inefficiencies out of the economic system and fuel switching occurs, this is true.  But one can not seriously believe that the world economy is infinitely elastic with regards to energy.  With regard to the agricultural system, there is data which shows the limits to this inelasticity and these limits are due to the laws of physics.

The Tragedy of Elections

I was, just recently, at one of our annual Conferences. There were about 450 delegates, from 17 countries, with an associated exhibition with, I suppose, around 50 displays. After the meeting was over I wandered down town and took in a show that featured 12 Irish tenors (who came from places such as Australia, London, and the U.S. as well as the auld sod itself). Following the show I dined, in this inland, rather dry location, on seafood that, though delicious, had obviously traveled some considerable distance. I mention this because, for many academic types, this is a fairly common annual activity. It is how we network most frequently (and not just academics, since we were very much in the minority at this particular gathering). These types of event provide considerable income to the locations where they are a common happening. It is, like tourism, an activity that requires considerable travel, and considerable fuel (and not just the sort that comes in small glasses at the social events). Travel has become an assumed right, and there is no thought, at gatherings such as this, that their day in the sun may very soon wane. I helped put a meeting together in 2003 and with the concerns and expense of travel at that time, the attendance was down significantly from earlier meetings, and took another year to bounce back, and it is only in the last two years that we have been seeing the sorts of numbers that we had pre-2001.

It set me to thinking of the Denver Peak Oil meeting, when one evening as Stuart, Dave Cohen and I headed out for dinner, Stuart commented that I was much the most pessimistic of the three. And now I am trying to decide whether that is still true (if it was). I think, in the short-term it probably isn’t, but in the longer-term it may well be. So let me explain my reasons and, in the process, perhaps disagree a little with some of my colleagues.