Ken Deffeyes On Radio 4BC

Long time peak oil analyst Ken Deffeyes (former Shell Oil geologist and current professor Emeritus at Princeton University) was interviewed on Brisbane radio station 4BC today - click here to listen.

Kenneth Deffeyes, former Shell Oil geologist and Professor Emeritus at Princeton University, claims crude oil is too valuable to be burned as a fuel.

ASPO Australia's Ian Dunlop will be interviewed on the "Open House" radio program on Sunday at 8pm - see here for a local station.

We've crossed the $2 per litre for petrol threshold here in New Zealand. On Thursday, our Treasury released its budget forecasts and once again, their predictions for future oil prices show oil dropping to US$100/bbl pretty rapidly and levelling off there through to 2014. I would laugh out loud if it wasn't so tragic and if so many NZ businesses/local governments didn't base their planning on Treausry's repeatedly hopeless forecasts.

Unfortunatley I suspect that if the world governments ran the likely figures for oil prices in the coming decade the outcome 'would not work' -and that's exactly what is most likely to happen...

In the early years of the coming decade NET importing countries will start to run bigger and bigger budget deficits. In order not to cause a balance of payments crisis governments will have to jack up the rates on bonds to attract funding. This will cause interest rates to go through the roof... I think you get the picture.

Nick.

He's one of the gurus of Peak Oil awareness and prophecy. He worked with M. King Hubbert. And yet, when talking about what we can do regarding Peak Oil, he mentions coal, he strongly emphasizes conservation, and he says not a single thing about population growth. I find it extraordinary, but apparently true given the fact that so many of the Peak Oil gurus don't say a word about it - that population and oil consumption and oil demand and oil needs are not related in any meaningful way.

What is as scary as oil peaking, in geological terms, are the government efforts by the United States, Canada, and Europe, and elsewhere to use corn, soybeans, beets, sugar cane, palm oil, and sweet potatoes to produce biofuels. This is already contributing to rampant food inflation around the globe and is scheduled to worsen. Large increases in farm productivity did not happen in a season, nor was a season sufficient to bring in large quantities of new acres cleared, prepared, and producing. In a season ethanol use is scheduled to rise faster than agriculture is prepared to respond.

While there were some initial reporta suggesting the best wheat harvests ever might occur this year around the world, already Pakistan might only produce two-thirds of the wheat they harvested in 2007. Analysts reported some potential dry conditions remaining in parts of Australia. This is only a microcosm of difficulties that might be faced by the end of the year. Another area reporting winter wheat problems was N. Dakota (USA). If one could see more, one might see that every year there were catastrophic crop failures and not to count the bushels before they are harvested.

United States corn harvests may be lower as fewer acres were planted in corn in the face of higher corn demand by numerous ethanol distillery contructions. Canada was also attempting to ramp up its corn ethanol production. Some hoped they might get ethanol from Brazil, yet Brazil exported a small fraction of its production, not enough to support the strict requirements of the ethanol blending requirements of the United States and Canada.

Can't play the interview, the link doesn't appear to be available any more. Is there anywhere else I can find it?

works fine for me...

Still works for me (in Firefox).

There is a link to the interview on the 4BC web site link that I also posted...

re: Population growth
Having given 500 public talks, one simply cannot talk about everything and fight every battle at once.

in 2005's "Beyond Oil - The View from Hubbert's Peak", Deffeyes has a small, crisp section on population control... including

"I would not be surprised if our present-day population has to shrink during the next few hundred years.

Of course, the methods for human population control are enormously controversial. One contraceptive measure seems to be humane and acceptable: If you teach calculus to teenage girls, they go on to have far fewer babies. Calculus is the contraceptive of the future. It doesn't work for boys."

This seems an appropriate level for a petroleum guy to take. I'd much rather he spend his time explaining petroleum+energy issues to people than trying to also be a population expert.

Anytime any Peak Oiler says conservation (and Simmons is fond of it) throw in something about population control. The United States had 200 million people in 1970, it has 303 million now and is projected to have 400 million in 30 to 50 years. And yet we have a simple means of population control that countries like India and Mexico do not have. We can stop immigration.

Why can't Mexico and India stop immigration ?

In any case, the solution to the pressure population growth puts on the environment and our resource requirements is straightforward in concept:

1. Switch to renewable energy sources
2. Educate girls, give them economic opportunities and access to contraception
3. Change the manufacturing paradigm to one which recycles everything - what is called "design for disassembly" and "cradle to cradle" manufacturing

Most models show population levelling out under 9.5 billion people - the most important factor to make sure this happens is item 2 above.

Why can't Mexico and India stop immigration?

My assumption is that they don't have any significant legal immigration (and for both the term net migration would come into play as well). I can't get a google query to give me any figures though. I am basing that assumption on the belief that it would be even more ludicrous for poor countries with millions of people desperate to leave, to allow immigration than it is for rich countries like the US to do so. Regarding illegal immigration to those countries, I know that Mexico is not happy with the illegal immigration they get from Central America and they do not treat it with anything close to the wink and a nod and a smile that they expect Americans to give to their fleeing masses. I know that I just read that the people of India do not like illegal Bangladeshis, but it very well could be that the government and business people like it, as the rich and powerful in America covet our illegal immigration.

1. Switch to renewable energy sources
2. Educate girls, give them economic opportunities and access to contraception
3. Change the manufacturing paradigm to one which recycles everything - what is called "design for disassembly" and "cradle to cradle" manufacturing

I don't know why education always gets thrown in regarding lower birth rates. I think the only factor is that both parents, particularly the women, have to get wealthy enough to where they see some other things they would like to do with their time besides raise children. Although I saw a blog posting the other day where someone was looking at birth rates of American immigrants and found that for most countries they were exceeding the birth rates in the source country.

I am with you 100% on recycling. We have to somehow get to sustainable. It will take much effort though. I heard a radio piece where they visited a dump in Connecticut. Apparently Connecticut sends a large amount of trash (400,000 tons a year I think) to Massachusetts, New York, and even Ohio! The trash manager said that they would have to double the percentage of waste they recycle just to keep from increasing the amount they send to other states - because both population and consumption were increasing.

I am also all for renewable energy. We need a World War II sized effort to produce wind and solar and possibly wave and ocean current. Also to develop ways to store that energy. Get rid of NASA, gut the defense department for the money. But even on this site, you don't see any calls for anything close to that. There's actually almost as much wishful thinking from the Peak Oilers regarding the future as there is from CERA and the US Government.

Most models show population levelling out under 9.5 billion people - the most important factor to make sure this happens is item 2 above.

Oh well no problem then. Even though we are peaking in oil, soon to peak in natural gas and coal, and seeing severe climate damage from global warming, another 3 billion people shouldn't make much difference at all.

The recycling issue is good, but it is starting at the wrong end.

Governments [ie people who govern - in contrast to the ex lawyers who are our UK politicians because they make more money that way] need to enforce WORLDWIDE GENERIC TECHNICAL STANDARDS to most manufactured items.

After 200 years of precision engineering, we cannot agree on the head of a screw, or the thread of a bolt. We have space exploration that failed because we cannot agree on metric or imperial or US units.

When this stupidity stops, we will not need to recycle a lot of items because we will RE-USE parts and REPAIR them. Junk then becomes a useful resource.

Which do you prefer MPG -Miles Per (US) Gallon or LPK -Litres Per Kilometer?

Nick.

We can stop immigration.

But we don't. Or at least reduce it.

In 2002, the Australian Department of Immigration commissioned a study into sustainable population levels:

http://www.cse.csiro.au/research/futuredilemmas/

highlighting resource constraints in Australia's physical economy. Contrary to the contents of the report the Sydney Morning Herald, always giving things a commercial spin, reported about it with a first page headline: "We'll be all right with 50 million". Now, just 6 years into the report period, we don't even have enough water for Sydney's 4.5 million.

The previous government ignored the study and the new Rudd government wants to increase immigration even further. This will not work. Not only will this sharpen the housing crisis but once petrol lines arrive at the filling stations motorists will quickly understand that newcomers are just competitors for scarce fuels. What's worse, the capacity of Sydney's desalination plant will be eaten up in just 8 years of immigration. We'll be back to square 1 by then.

Mr Mashey, I hadn't seen you over here at TOD but it seems you've been a member for 16 weeks. What brings you to Aussie blogs so often? Quiggin and now here. Is the quality of discussion superior? :)

Population control is a red herring in the current clear and present danger of peak oil. Population measures take decades to work while we only have years to deal with declining energy. In addition China with its draconian measures has not been able to reduce population - there is absolutely no chance of doing so in the white west, let alone using more draconian measures that would work, including euthenasing the chronically ill and infirm.

People of good will must concentrate on things that will work and that is moving to a radically simpler lifestyle that eshew the using and abusing materialism and affirms the non material - dare I say spiritual - things like;-
Loving, crying, touching, helping, sharing, laughing, growing, loyalty, generosity, peacefullness, kindness, repairing, re-using - being human beings not consumers...

Both the points you make, Sololeum--population control's being a red herring and our needing to simplify and humanize our lives--seem right on to me.

Population control is a red herring in the current clear and present danger of peak oil. Population measures take decades to work while we only have years to deal with declining energy. In addition China with its draconian measures has not been able to reduce population - there is absolutely no chance of doing so in the white west, let alone using more draconian measures that would work, including euthenasing the chronically ill and infirm.

Talking about draconian measures is a strawman argument. The United States takes over a million legal immigrants (and the number keeps increasing) each year and God only knows how many illegals - the conservative estimates were always 300,000 - now Wikipedia has 1 million - and that number keeps increasing each year as well. That's a bare minimum of 15 million people, but more likely over 20 million entering each decade. And then they begin bearing children... I hope you will volunteer to stop using oil-based products and stop using oil-based transportation in order to save some oil for the coming tens of millions we will see in the short years ahead. What is unfathomable is how we have guys like Gore talking about Global Warming and he sits silent as we build coal and gas-fired power plants left and right in order to accomodate the incoming millions.

As Hirsch depressingly intones, Peak Oil cannot be solved in "years". So hoping for some solution that takes place in "years" and which renders our massive population growth (highest in our history) meaningless is an exercise in futility.

People of good will must concentrate on things that will work and that is moving to a radically simpler lifestyle that eshew the using and abusing materialism and affirms the non material - dare I say spiritual - things like;-
Loving, crying, touching, helping, sharing, laughing, growing, loyalty, generosity, peacefullness, kindness, repairing, re-using - being human beings not consumers...

People of good will need to get the cajones to speak out against population growth. The longer they stay silent, the longer they engage is self-righteous wishful thinking on the issue - the worse it will be in the end. Wait long enough, and it will indeed be draconian. The kind of draconian that mother nature deals out.

Fertility rates are declining in many countries once famous for high population growth, like Mexico. see: http://globalis.gvu.unu.edu/indicator_detail.cfm?IndicatorID=138&Country=MX

Problem is, it takes a generation or two for a fertility decline to translate into slowed or stopped population growth.

I wonder what the Pope thinks of that bar chart!! :)

Believe me, if something could be done to reduce population it would have been done. The best effort was in China, but they let party officials and the wealthy have as many children as they liked, and since China has so many party officials, well now there up to 1.35 billion people. The US has a pro family perspective that the more people have children the more they are serving God (christianity). We visited some bus. associates in Florida and they were heros to their church for having such a massive family. The grandparents have 32 grandchildren. Their house was like a school.

So population is the one thing no one can do anything about. Nature will have its way as we bump up against population sustainability, the maximum level allowed by our surroundings based on crop acreage, energy supply, etc. As oil depletes population will follow. This will be most evident in the poorest countries first. Bangladesh, Sub-Saharan Africa, and so on. Like layers of an onion it will work its way through the many layers as it balances to a new sustainability level.

If cheap oil supported huge population increases, then lack thereof will induce its descent.

Population takes a while to turn around - esp on a global scale.

But fertility rates are declining worldwide - http://news.mongabay.com/2005/0502-rhett_butler.html

Believe me, if something could be done to reduce population it would have been done.

First we would need to get to a place where people thought a reduction in population was a good thing. We are so far away from that it's not even funny. Right now in every country, save maybe China, it's felt that population growth is a good thing, or at the very least, OK. Even Peak Oilers are quick to throw out that old canard that if the birth rate goes below replacment level it will be awful due to a lack of workers. Presumably it will be coincident with a total stoppage in the mechanization that has eliminated so many farm and manufacturing jobs in the last 300 years.

The best effort was in China, but they let party officials and the wealthy have as many children as they liked, and since China has so many party officials, well now there up to 1.35 billion people.

I think it is the only effort. Has any other country on earth ever tried to reduce population? By the way, China based on a co-worker who has a brother in China, they have relaxed their one-child policy due to their newfound wealth. Apparently smog so think on cloudy days that it looks like fog, is not enough to deter them from growing their population if they just recieved hundreds of millions of American and European jobs.

The US has a pro family perspective that the more people have children the more they are serving God (christianity). We visited some bus. associates in Florida and they were heros to their church for having such a massive family. The grandparents have 32 grandchildren. Their house was like a school.

Yes, births are celebrated. It gets applause on Leno and Letterman anytime a guest actor or actress says they have had a child. Which is why Peak Oilers are mostly silent on the issue. However, they are silent on the issue of immigration for entirely different reasons.

So population is the one thing no one can do anything about. Nature will have its way as we bump up against population sustainability, the maximum level allowed by our surroundings based on crop acreage, energy supply, etc. As oil depletes population will follow. This will be most evident in the poorest countries first. Bangladesh, Sub-Saharan Africa, and so on. Like layers of an onion it will work its way through the many layers as it balances to a new sustainability level.

If cheap oil supported huge population increases, then lack thereof will induce its descent.

I have to agree that it appears that the answer to the question asked by someones signature line - "Is man smarter than yeast" is no.

The great thing about living simply it can work overnight!!!

Step 1.
Bundle up all your electrical goods and take them to a recycle station.
Step 2. Take out all but three lights in your house - make sure one has seating under it so the residents can read.
Step 3. Sell the car - buy a scooter or pushbike for the commute.
Step 4. Only buy organic whole food, prepare it at home on a solid fuel cooker - hibachi style.

The result is that you now have a lot of time to improve yourself, you are a lot fitter and your ecological footprint has become more or less sustainable.

As a society we want to be saved, by solar, by hydrogen, even by Jesus -
we just have to grow up and stop using all the worlds resources on our brief, over fed, under worked sojourn on this tiny plantet.

If you think the above 4 step plan is hard - it is far easier than that enjoyed by the majority of humans currently sharing the planet with us.

That only really works if everyone does it. There's a great article in Ecological Economics about the rebound effect from voluntary simplicity of the rich. It works just like the rebound effect from improved efficiencies (where fuel consumption can actually increase with efficiencies). Basically, if you voluntarily (and heroically) lower your consumption, the knock-on effect in a free market is to lower the price of resources, consequently stimulating additional demand, which may theoretically be greater than the original demand. So while I applaud your sentiment, and I strive towards it myself, it will only work if we all do likewise (a la Hardin's Tragedy of the Commons) through some kind of regulation. But then again, we've got to start somewhere...

Ecological Economics
Volume 64, Issue 4, 1 February 2008, Pages 770-786

The sufficiency strategy: Would rich-world frugality lower environmental impact?
Blake Alcott

Abstract

One alleged weapon against unsustainable environmental impact is for the wealthy to consume less. This sufficiency strategy is to complement the efficiency strategy of lowering ratios of resource inputs to economic outputs; the former would reduce the affluence factor in I = PAT, the latter the technology factor. That the latter strategy suffers from a consumption rebound is widely recognized. This paper identifies a similar rebound when the affluence factor is autonomously lowered: The lower initial demand lowers prices, which in turn stimulates new demand by others. The strategy moreover addresses only the rich, raising questions of its theoretical maximum efficacy. Its proponents usually conflate frugality with the North–South dichotomy and intragenerational with intergenerational equity. Moreover, there are difficulties with the supporting arguments that frugality is good for one’s own sake as well as for the environment, and that the rich should ‘lead the way’ to living more lightly. Personal behaviour change is furthermore not a substitute for international political efforts. Finally, since all changes in right-side factors of the I = PAT equation change other right-side factors, such indirect attacks on impact should be abandoned in favor of supply and emissions quotas.

Thanks for posting this, I'm a big fan of Deffeyes. He's quite witty; peak oilers with a sense of humor are in short supply for some reason.

Without having heard Deffeyes presentation, I am going to agree and comment on the basis that "carbon is precious", only we don't know it yet.
It took hundreds of millions of years to collect the oil (read carbon) from a primitive atmosphere. An atmosphere that this globe in space will never have again. in a mear 200 hundred years this species, human, have extracted and scattered that condensed carbon into a system that is geared to recycling over a very long time frame. We are currently dispersing carbon at a rate 40,000 times greater than the earth's natural cycling process can cope with. Now.....it is very important.....that you think about what every thing that you use is made from. Think about the rate at which human technology transitioned from a metal to a carbon and silicon substance based civilisation. Now project that into the future. You can count the generations on one and a half hands that will see the end of our own "very clever" civilisation.

Oil, Coal,....it is all carbon, and it is the only carbon that we have.

I have also noticed this week that several European News outlets are now freely using the term Peak Oil as well. On thursday Deutsche Welle did a special report on peak oil and rising fuel prices in Germany.

This interview on ABC.au certainly had a science fiction quality to it. In the future we will have Hydro-carbon Police, surveillance camera's will have sensors on them to dectect among other things, burning hydro-carbons, at the slightest sniff, the sirens will sound and the most brutal of all the arms of Law enforcement will swing into action. At the mere smell of burning hydro-carbons citizens will flee in terror ti get away before the Hydro-Carbon cops show up, as they stride in, wearing full riot gear batons extended beating down anyone in their way. Then they arrest (rather forcefully) the offender, who is then flung into prison, for a for a minimum sentence of twenty years, for the heinous crime of burning/destroying our irreplaceable hydro0-carbons. *grins* I hope this is not prophetic BIG Gav :)

Well yesterday I saw a lead story in financial section of a Polish newspaper use the words that the World may be running out of oil. This is a first here as far as I can tell where a mainstream news source raises this issue.

Partialy hedging against the problems of peak oil I have the equivalent of 600 barrels of oil through futures etc....
I guess, in theory an average "western" individual could almost eliminate their own oil supply risk by purchasing now (indirectly) enough oil to last them the rest of their lives. Anyone got any idea how much oil that would be? Taking into account all the oil used in the supply chain for the things the person purchases, all the oil used in manufacturing plastics etc etc...
Someone must have done this calculation. I'm guessing its a big number. I'm guessing its not as easy as taking the oil consumption of the UK and dividing by the population (due to export and import of goods and services etc)...
I think this number is important because by looking at it, we can explain to others the huge impact on them, individually, of oil going from $100 to $200. Explaining it in the basest of terms - what it is going to cost them in dollars if we don't change our ways.

Shockingly, I calculate that Mr Average UK could hedge his oil usage for the next 20 years for just £20k.
UK average consumption: 30 barrels per year
20 Years = 600 barrels = $81,000 at todays prices.
Leveraged retail oil futures products give a return equivalent to buying $2 of oil for each $1 invested. So amount needed to hedge next 20 years usage is just $81,000/2 = $40,000= £20k.
Not much when you consider a new Landrover Discovery would set you back £30k - £40k.
This assumes the 30 barrel/year per capita consumption is accurate - but I haven't seen a decent calculation anywhere yet.

Those figures sound a bit high to me
If you assume average mileage of 15,000, then at 40/gal (UK) that is 375 UK gals, at 36UK gallons to 1 barrel that comes out to just over 10barrels/year.
Of course, you might run 2 cars in the family, or lower mileage cars or whatever, but OTOH I have not reduced the mileage to take account of people travelling less in an oil constrained world.

Not much when you consider a new Landrover Discovery would set you back £30k - £40k

Or a 2nd hand Peugeot 405/406 1.9 turbodiesel, at about 45 - 50 mpg, over 200k engine life, no engine management/immobiliser crap, is about £500 - 1k

Partialy hedging against the problems of peak oil I have the equivalent of 600 barrels of oil through futures etc....

What happens when the hedging is against oil that physically doesn't exist?

'Physically doesnt exist' misrepresents the problem of peak oil. As you well know, peak oil is about declining rate of production not complete lack of production. The counterparty to the futures contract is contractually duty bound to provide the number of barrels specified in the contract regardless of the price so they have to pay whatever it takes. The only problem is that in an extreme world, the counterparty could go bankrupt. The counterparty is Wall Street. If Wall Street go bankrupt (and governments are unable to intervene to stop this happening)then it is game over for us all anyway.

The purchase of a futures contract now also has the benefit that it pushes up the price now which can only cut present consumption, make production of alternatives more economic, drive non-oil solutions to problems currently dealt with using oil based technologies etc etc.

It seems to me that cutting your personal use of oil now is irrelevant because this merely has the effect of reducing the price which encourages someone elses's consumption and discourages development of post-oil solutions.

The only contributions we can really make to solving this problem are
Spreading awareness
Directly contributing to developing post-oil technologies
Buying futures (drives up the price, encourages conservation, causes awareness to spread, encourages development of post-oil technologies).

The easiest green thing to do with cash? Buy oil futures.

By the way, I am no expert, so I put these views up to be knocked down so I can learn better...

In practise you would have to choose the right time to sell out and take your profit.
At some stage rationing will come in, and you won't be able to take delivery of oil, but at eh moment by buying futures you should be able to make some money.
Time it right and go to land or gold.