A google image search for "US oil consumption by sector" brings up,

So it seems that you're right, that industry and electricity generation use of oil has dropped, and transport use risen.

How elastic that transport use is, would be hard to say. Of course "transport" is not just Ma and Pa Kettle in their jalopy, it's freight. In a general slowdown or decline of the economy, we'd expect freight to drop quite a bit. But how much of transport oil use is freight?

I assume that "shipping" is domestic only, and that "light duty vehicles" is basically all private vehicles. Rail makes up only 2%, and freight trucks 16%. Air is 9.8% and shipping 3%. Of course not all rail etc is freight, but we can set it as a maximum: 30.8% of oil consumed is for freight, 61% for private transport, and the remaining 8.2% for other stuff.

It's hard to say off-hand which would have the most response to price rises. Logically you'd expect people to cut down on discretionary fuel use - ie, no more driving 500 yards to the shops for a bottle of milk, less weekends away, etc. But in a slowing or declining economy, people generally buy less stuff, so that freight should decline, too. Of course, if oil becomes expensive enough, that means some freight might move from trucking to the more efficient rail - but are the USA's railways up to it, or have they been neglected like Australia's? I wouldn't know.

All this - which areas of the economy, which kinds of consumption and such - get affected first and in what ways, that seems like a subject for a TOD article. It's a bit over my head. I'm up there with the big global picture, and with the gritty details down on the ground, but that middle level is a bit out for me.